Securing Letters of Recommendation as an International Applicant

A group of diverse international students holding academic documents, including diplomas and recommendation letters, stands in front of an abstract globe symbolizing global education. The background features subtle university symbols, representing the challenges of securing letters of recommendation for graduate school as international applicants. — International Applicants Have Special Challenges When It Comes to Letters of Rec

Securing a strong letter of recommendation is a crucial part of your graduate school application. Having a personal, third-party assessment of you provides depth to your application and a more granular look at who you are and what your strengths and weaknesses are. In the 15+ years we’ve worked with graduate school applicants, we have revised scores of letters of recommendation.

Though letters of recommendation are pretty standard globally, international applicants face particular challenges in this process, especially when your recommenders are not familiar with the expectations of U.S. graduate schools or do not speak or write English.

This guide offers advice on requesting and obtaining compelling letters of recommendation from professors or employers in your home country.

Selecting the Right Recommenders

Choosing the right recommenders is the first step in obtaining solid letters of recommendation that move the needle on your application. Here are some tips to help you select the most suitable individuals:

1. Choose Individuals Who Know You Well

This is the most important thing. More important than getting a big name is finding somebody who can speak with specificity about you, your strengths, and what you’ve accomplished. In many countries, particularly in Asia, more weight is perhaps placed in the name and title of the recommender, but that’s not really the case in America. The content of the letter is far more important. Having a pro forma, cliché, and short letter from a big name won’t usually help you as much as a thoughtful, in-depth letter featuring examples from somebody who knows you better but is perhaps not well-known or doesn’t have a fancy rank.

Prioritize Academic Recommenders

Whether applying to grad school or seeking employment, it’s usually a good idea to find somebody whose relationship to you most closely aligns with the kind of thing you’re aspiring to join. In other words, if you’re looking to pursue a BioChem PhD, the head of the lab you worked in would be great. Similarly, if you’re looking to complete a History Ph.D. have a history professor who knows you well write it. In short, if you are applying for an academic program, prioritize professors who have taught you in relevant subjects or supervised your research projects. Of course, most schools require three recommendations, so reserving one of those for a professional recommender who knows you well isn’t necessarily a bad idea. BUT, make sure you have the most relevant bases covered.

3. Consider Professional Recommenders

Building on the above point, if you have significant work experience, consider asking employers or colleagues who can provide insights into your professional skills and accomplishments. The test should be, “can this person talk in depth about what I bring to the table?” If so, then when you speak to them, perhaps highlight some skills or accomplishments that they would know about that align with how you’re pitching yourself in your application.

4. Ensure Recommenders Are Respectable
All things being equal, having an impressive recommender is better than an unknown one, BUT note point #1 above. Having read letters from impressive people who didn’t actually know the candidate (or worse, didn’t think much of them), it’s obvious when you’re just getting a pro forma letter that’s not really substantive.

How You Can Help

Follow their lead

The first thing to keep in mind is that you’re asking somebody to do you a favor. So, whatever help they ask for, or whatever process they prefer, it’s up to you to accommodate them. When I was a university professor, I probably wrote 100 letters of rec, so I was pretty familiar with all the different processes and was fine navigating things myself. I had questions I would ask, but didn’t need much help; it was part of my job, so I did it. Not everybody has this attitude and not everybody feels comfortable with their writing. Many times your recommenders will ask you to either create for them an outline or even a full draft. Ethically, they should at least read whatever letter they sign their name to so that they can plausibly say it represents their ideas. But, remember that some people want more help, others less. Conform to their requests when it’s ethical to do so.

Use language translation services

Many people applying to American schools from overseas will want recommenders who are not English speakers to write their letters. That’s fine and a common thing. There are multiple ways do this. You can have them write the letter and then either you translate it (honestly, of course) or you pay for a translation service to do it for you. Or, you can get them to provide you an outline and you write it for them.

If you send a translated letter, some people like to add a note that says something like, “translated from Chinese by XYZ translation service.” You can attach the original if you want; doing so can help to ensure that what’s translated is honest.

Either way, we live in a highly globalized world now, so it’s not shocking that your recommenders don’t speak English.

Ask Early

Reach out to potential recommenders well in advance, ideally at least two months before the application deadline. I would consider two weeks the minimum. This gives them ample time to write a thoughtful letter. Anything shorter than that should begin with an apology.

Explain the Purpose

Clearly explain why you need the letter and the significance of the recommendation in the context of your application. Provide details about the program you are applying to and why you have chosen them as a recommender.

Provide Necessary Information

Supply your recommenders with all the necessary information to write a strong letter. This includes your resume/CV, personal statement, transcripts, and any specific points you would like them to address.

Ask them explicitly, “Can you write me a strong letter?”

As a university professor, I always viewed writing letters of recommendation as part of my job. If you took my class, I would write you one. BUT, I wouldn’t necessarily write you a strong one. I always had a frank conversation with students and would say something like, “Jane, you got a B- in my class, so this letter would be pretty mediocre.” When you ask for a STRONG letter, that allows the writer to let you know that maybe you’re just going to get a bare-bones mediocre letter… so perhaps ask somebody else.

Offer to Discuss in Person

If possible, arrange a meeting or a call to discuss your application and how their recommendation can best support your candidacy.

Be Respectful and Grateful

Acknowledge that writing a recommendation letter is a favor and express your gratitude for their time and effort.

Helping Your Recommenders Write Strong Letters

While your recommenders will ultimately write the letters, you can provide support to ensure they highlight your strengths effectively:

1. Provide Specific Examples
Share specific examples of your achievements and experiences that you would like them to mention. These examples help make the letter more concrete and impactful.

2. Highlight Relevant Skills and Qualities
Emphasize the skills and qualities that are most relevant to the program you are applying to, and ask your recommenders to focus on these aspects.

3. Clarify the Format and Submission Process
Inform your recommenders about the preferred format for the letter and the submission process. Some programs may have specific forms or online portals for submitting recommendations.

4. Remind Them of Deadlines
Politely remind your recommenders of the submission deadlines to ensure the letters are sent on time.

Thank Them Sincerely
– Once the letters have been submitted, send a heartfelt thank you note to express your appreciation for their support.

6. Update Them on Your Progress
Keep your recommenders informed about the outcome of your applications. They will be interested to know where you have been accepted and your future plans.

Securing strong letters of recommendation is a vital component of your graduate school application. By carefully selecting your recommenders, effectively communicating your needs, and supporting them in writing compelling letters, you can enhance your chances of being admitted to your desired program. Remember to show appreciation for their time and effort, as their endorsement is a valuable part of your academic and professional journey.

For more help with your personal statement, check us out at Gurufi.com. Our personal statement editors and consultants have decades of experience helping clients get into top Masters and Ph.D. programs in STEM, humanities, fine arts, and social sciences. Our specialty is helping you craft compelling personal statements that move the needle in your admissions process! For questions, shoot us an email at service@gurufi.com. Check us out on Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn.

Acing School Interviews

Confident individual in a professional home office setting, engaged in a virtual interview. The background features a bookshelf with personal achievements, including a trophy and a framed jersey, with a Post-It note on the computer screen edge saying 'Just Breathe!' — For Zoom interviews, make sure you’ve set yourself up for success!

Five Tips for a Great Interview

As more schools have made interviews a core part of their admissions processes, it’s becoming even more important to make interview preparation a core part of your admissions process. At Gurufi, we have helped over 10,000 applicants earn admission into their dream schools, and many of these applicants are international students looking to learn in America. For these students, interviews can be especially daunting. Here, we’ll address common questions, talk about cultural nuances particular to America, and thoughts on how you can make a positive impression.

Understanding the Purpose of the Interview

School interviews serve several purposes. Understanding these can help you prepare more effectively:

1. **Assessing Fit:**
– The interview helps the admissions committee determine if you are a good fit for the program and if the program aligns with your academic and career goals. I sometimes tell clients that every admission to a competitive program / school is about two things: (1) are you generally prepared and qualified? And (2) Are you a good fit for this particular school / program? This is especially true of graduate and professional schools, most of which have particular areas of focus and unique cultures. As such, they use interviews to filter out people who, though smart and prepared, would not be ideal fits. Doing your research about what the school values can help you in this process.

2. **Evaluating Communication Skills:**
– Strong communication skills are essential for success in graduate school. The interview assesses your ability to articulate your thoughts clearly and confidently.

3. **Understanding Motivation:**
– The committee wants to understand your motivation for pursuing the program and how it fits into your long-term plans.

4. **Gauging Interpersonal Skills:**
– The interview provides insight into your interpersonal skills, such as your ability to interact with others, collaborate, and work effectively in a team.

Common Interview Questions

While each interview is unique, certain questions are commonly asked in graduate school interviews. Preparing answers to these can help you feel more confident:

1. **Tell Me About Yourself:**
– Provide a brief overview of your background, focusing on your academic and professional experiences, and how they relate to the program you are applying to. I do NOT recommend trying to memorize answers; you’ll come across as stiff and the pressure to “nail your lines” can make many people tongue-tied. The one exception that I’d make is to have a prepared 3-sentence response to this question. It’s often the first question asked, so knowing exactly what you’ll say can help to take the edge off.

2. **Why Do You Want to Attend This Program?:**
– Discuss your reasons for choosing this specific program, highlighting aspects such as faculty, research opportunities, and program strengths that align with your goals.

3. **What Are Your Research Interests?:**
– If you’re applying to a graduate school, this will certainly be brought up. Be prepared to discuss your research interests in detail, including any previous research experience, and how you plan to pursue these interests in the program.

4. **What Are Your Long-Term Career Goals?:**
– Share your long-term career aspirations and how the program will help you achieve them. Be specific about your goals and how they align with the program’s offerings.

5. **How Do You Handle Challenges or Conflicts?:**
– Provide examples of how you have dealt with challenges or conflicts in the past, emphasizing your problem-solving skills and resilience.

6. **What Are Your Strengths and Weaknesses?:**
– Be honest about your strengths and weaknesses. Focus on how your strengths will contribute to the program and what steps you are taking to address your weaknesses. Avoid the humble-brag “weakness” such as “sometimes I care too much” or “I work too hard.” Those are cringeworthy responses.

AND MOST IMPORTANTLY… at the end of the interview, you’ll often be asked, “do you have any question?” Your answer should never be “no.” Have several thoughtful questions prepared.

Cultural Nuances to Consider

Cultural differences can impact how interviews are conducted and perceived. Here are some cultural nuances to keep in mind:

1. **Formality and Titles:**
– In the U.S., interviews can be more informal than in other cultures. It is common to address professors by their first names, unless otherwise specified. I’ve found that a good strategy for ice-breaking is that, if you are referred to by your last name, politely suggest that they call you by your first name. For instance, “Please, my friends call me Brian.” In America, asking somebody to call you by your first name suggests familiarity and openness. By contrast, though, I would use your interviewer’s formal title (“Prof. Jones”) unless they refer to themselves otherwise or ask you to do so.

2. **Body Language:**
– Positive body language, such as maintaining eye contact, smiling, and offering a firm handshake, is important. It conveys confidence and engagement. I know that a lot of people believe in things like “mirroring” where you mimic the other person’s motions and body positions, but unless you’ve practiced it, I would avoid it because it can come across as creepy. Just keep it simple and remember the rules your mom taught you: sit up straight, smile, maintain eye contact, and offer a firm handshake.

3. **Punctuality:**
– Being on time for your interview is crucial. Arriving early shows respect for the interviewer’s time and demonstrates your commitment. If you show up to an office, be polite to the secretaries, staff, and other applicants! I can tell you that it can make a HUGE difference. Support staff are integral parts of offices and programs, and if they drop a negative comment about you because you were rude or condescending, that might be the end of your application.

4. **Direct Communication:**
– Americans value direct and concise communication. Be clear and to the point in your responses, avoiding overly elaborate explanations. For instance, if you’re asked a yes / no question that you feel needs a fuller explanation, begin with a simple yes or no, and then provide a fuller explanation. For instance, you might say, “Yes, but if I might add some context…”

5. **Expressing Enthusiasm:**
– Showing enthusiasm for the program and your field of study is important. Expressing genuine interest and passion can make a positive impression. Remember, people like positive, optimistic people. So keep this mindset.

Strategies to Make a Positive Impression

To make a lasting positive impression during your interview, consider the following strategies:

1. **Prepare Thoroughly:**
– Research the program, faculty, and current research projects. Being well-informed allows you to ask insightful questions and demonstrate your interest.

2. **Practice Your Responses:**
– Practice answering common interview questions with a friend or mentor. This helps you articulate your thoughts clearly and confidently. Again, as noted above, I would not try to MEMORIZE your answers. Instead, practice so that you feel comfortable with the basic beats of what you’ll say.

3. **Dress Appropriately:**
– Choose professional attire that is appropriate for the interview setting. Dressing well shows that you take the interview seriously.

4. **Be Yourself:**
– Authenticity is key. Be honest and genuine in your responses, and let your personality shine through.

5. **Follow Up:**
– Send a thank-you email after the interview, expressing your appreciation for the opportunity and reiterating your interest in the program. This can leave a positive final impression.

Zoom Interview Tips

As more interviews are conducted online, use these strategies to ensure that your virtual presentation is compelling.

In addition to dressing appropriately, think about the space behind you and how you might curate it to reflect your interests. Nothing over the top. The background should first and foremost be clean, simple, and attractive. But, if you have an interest that you wouldn’t mind talking about, you can feature that. For instance, a framed jersey from a team you were on, a trophy, or some memento from a meaningful trip. I personally don’t love the virtual backgrounds. Obviously, make your own decisions about privacy, but if you can, use a more inviting natural background.
I like to place Post-It notes on outside of the screen that offer words of encouragement (“just breathe and relax! You got this!”) or reminders (I often forget names, so I’ll write them down along with their titles). Having Post-Its of things that you want to remember to talk about is also useful.
Do a test beforehand to ensure that what you think will be in the screen is what’s actually framed. I once did a Zoom call with a prospective student who was dressed in a suit… and basketball shorts. Not a problem except that he didn’t frame his shot properly, so we all actually saw his unusual outfit.

Preparing for a U.S. graduate program interview involves understanding the purpose of the interview, anticipating common questions, being mindful of cultural nuances, and employing strategies to make a positive impression. By thoroughly preparing and approaching the interview with confidence and authenticity, you can effectively showcase your qualifications and enthusiasm for the program. Remember, the interview is not only a chance for the admissions committee to evaluate you, but also an opportunity for you to learn more about the program and determine if it is the right fit for you.

For help with your personal statement, check us out at Gurufi.com. Our personal statement editors and consultants have decades of experience helping clients get into top Masters and Ph.D. programs in STEM, humanities, fine arts, and social sciences. Our specialty is helping you craft compelling personal statements that move the needle in your admissions process! For questions, shoot us an email at service@gurufi.com. Check us out on Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn.

Ten Tips for Getting a GREAT Letter of Recommendation

College-aged student handing over CV and personal statement to a smiling professor in a colorful cartoon office setting, with books, laptop, and certificates in the background. — As with all parts of your application, you need a smart strategy for Letters of Rec

In the competitive world of applications—whether for college, graduate school, or a new job—a strong letter of recommendation can be a deciding factor in your favor. At Gurufi, where we specialize in personal statements, CVs, and letters of recommendation, we have seen firsthand how a well-crafted letter can make a substantial difference. Despite the fact that they play a pivotal role, far too many people simple hand them off to letter-writers and don’t have a thoughtful plan to ensure they get the most of their letters. Here is a 10-part guide to writing a strong letter of recommendation.

recommendation.

Ask for a STRONG Letter of Recommendation

When I worked as a professor, I would write a letter for anybody who asked… but not everybody got a strong letter. If you earned a B-, my letter would basically say, “Johnny was in my class, completed the assignments on time, and earned a passing grade.” I told people beforehand, “I’ll write you a letter because it’s part of my job, but you haven’t earned a strong one.” By contrast, a great student got a longer, more specific and detailed, and effective letter.

What’s the lesson here? Don’t just ask if somebody will write you a letter; ask if they’ll write you a STRONG letter. They may say “no,” or otherwise, hedge, which indicates that you need to find somebody else. And, if they were going to write you a strong letter beforehand, it helps to set the expectation that you are seeking a letter that highlights your strengths and capabilities in a compelling way.

Provide Your Personal Statement and CV

The best letters of recommendation are details, specific, and align with the core themes of your application. As such, to write a strong and detailed letter, your recommender needs to know about your achievements, goals, and experiences. Providing them with your personal statement and CV offers a comprehensive view of your background. Your personal statement will give them insights into your motivations and aspirations, while your CV will highlight your accomplishments and relevant experiences. This information helps them write a letter that is specific and tailored to the opportunity you are seeking.

When I wrote letters, having these documents was quite helpful in terms of making sure that I included details that complemented their application.

Offer to Meet with Them to Discuss Your Application

A face-to-face or virtual meeting can be incredibly valuable. During this meeting, you can discuss the specific points you would like them to mention in the letter. Share your goals, why you’re applying for this particular program or position, and any specific achievements you want to highlight. This conversation can also help you gauge their willingness and enthusiasm for writing the letter, and it provides an opportunity for them to ask questions to better understand how they can support your application.

Be Judicious About Who You Are Asking

Choosing the right person to write your letter of recommendation is crucial. Ideally, your recommender should know you well and be familiar with your work. This is FAR MORE important than simply choosing a big name. They should be someone who has observed your skills, achievements, and character firsthand and can write extensively about them. A letter from a well-known person may carry weight, but only if they truly know you and can provide a detailed and personal account of your abilities. Academic advisors, professors, direct supervisors, or mentors who have worked closely with you are often the best choices.

Provide Them with Plenty of Time

Respect your recommender’s time by asking them well in advance of your application deadline. A rushed letter may lack the detail and thoughtfulness of one that was written with ample time. Asking somebody at the last minute might, frankly, also really annoy them, and “annoyed” isn’t the state of mind you want your writer to have. Aim to ask at least a month before the deadline, and be clear about when you need the letter. This allows your recommender to plan their schedule and gives them the time to craft a well-considered letter.

Follow Up Politely and Be Sure to Thank Them Afterward

Once your recommender has submitted the letter, express your gratitude. A hand-written thank-you note is a courteous way to acknowledge their effort and support. Let them know how much you appreciate their help and keep them informed about the outcome of your application. A sincere thank you not only shows your appreciation but also leaves a positive impression for any future requests you may have.

If the deadline is approaching and you haven’t received confirmation that the letter has been submitted, it is appropriate to follow up politely. A gentle reminder can ensure that your application is completed on time without causing undue stress to your recommender.

Lastly, if you earn admission or get the job, be sure to forward that information to your letter-writer and thank them for it again.

Provide Context and Details

If there are specific experiences or projects you want your recommender to mention, provide them with details. For example, if you worked on a significant project under their supervision, remind them of the specifics and the impact of your work. This helps them include concrete examples that can strengthen your letter.

I always appreciated it when students said, “please emphasize my work on X, Y, or Z…” as it gave me clarity about what to include.

Stay Organized

Keep track of who you asked, when you asked, and the deadlines for each letter. This organization ensures you don’t miss any important dates and allows you to follow up as needed without appearing disorganized or forgetful.

Offer to Write a Draft

In some cases, your recommender might appreciate a draft letter that they can edit and personalize. This can save them time and ensure that the key points you want to be included are covered. However, this should be offered tactfully and only if you believe it will be helpful.

Letter writing is highly individualized, and different people will ask you for different things. Remember that you’re the one asking for a favor, so do whatever you can -within ethical boundaries- to help them help you.

Understand the Format and Requirements

Different institutions may have specific requirements for letters of recommendation. Make sure your recommender is aware of these requirements, whether it’s a particular format, length, or topics that need to be covered. Providing this information upfront can help them write a letter that meets all necessary criteria.

This is especially important if letters have to be uploaded to particular portals. Make sure that you provide clear instructions and perhaps even offer to set it up for them if they haven’t already.

Conclusion

Securing a strong letter of recommendation requires careful planning, clear communication, and consideration for your recommender’s time and effort. By following these steps, you can ensure that your letters of recommendation are compelling, detailed, and tailored to support your application. At Gurufi, we’re here to help you through every step of the process, ensuring that your application stands out for all the right reasons. Good luck!

To PhD or Not to PhD: Navigating the Decision to Pursue an Academic Career

Cartoon illustration of a potential PhD applicant deep in thought at a cluttered desk, surrounded by books, papers, and academic items. The young adult, with a thoughtful expression, rests their chin on one hand while gazing out a window at a university campus, reflecting on the decision to pursue a career in academia. — Contemplating the Future: A prospective PhD student weighs the possibilities of an academic career, surrounded by the tools of scholarship.

Bucolic afternoon strolls on lovely campuses. Dedicating your life to studying and teaching ideas that you’re passionate about. Tweed jackets, afternoon coffees with smart people, getting paid to read books, and summers off. There are a million things that make academic life attractive and, if you can get it, working as a professor one of the best gigs in the world. I get it. I spent six years at Yale earning my Ph.D., taught at Harvard, and have immense affection for the time I spent in academia. Ultimately, family considerations and a thriving “side hustle” that grew into a prosperous business led me to leave academia behind.

But I still miss is. I’ll never go back… but I miss it.

Given my life and professional trajectory, I’m in a unique position to be frank with people about whether they should get a Ph.D. and pursue life in academia. I don’t think it’s a simple answer; it’s a great life, but also hard to achieve success within. Choosing a career in academia is no small decision. It’s a path fraught with intense study, deep research, and, frankly, a significant amount of uncertainty. For many, the allure of delving deep into a subject they love and contributing to our broader collective knowledge is compelling. However, the reality of academic life often differs from what one might expect. To truly understand if this path is for you, here are ten critical questions to consider before you decide to pursue an academic career.

Are You Passionate About the Subject?

Passion is the cornerstone of a successful academic career. I sometimes work with clients who seem to want to go to graduate school because they’re not certain about their next life move, and grad school seems like a fun place to park while you figure it out. This is a mistake. Grad school is intense, and after that you’ll spend years—possibly decades—researching, discussing, and teaching your chosen subject. This requires a deep, sustained interest that goes beyond mere curiosity. Ask yourself: Are you ready to eat, sleep, and breathe this subject? Can you envision yourself being just as excited about your field in ten years as you are today? If the answer isn’t an enthusiastic “yes!” then walk away right now.

Are You Ready to Work Really Hard?

Academia demands a high level of dedication and hard work. This includes long hours of research, writing, and teaching, often while juggling several projects at once. The workload can be intense, with tight deadlines and high expectations. Prepare to push your limits of endurance and time management. Are you ready for this level of commitment? PhD programs in STEM subjects have a 50% dropout rate and in the humanities it’s even lower in the humanities and social sciences. If high-achieving people with demonstrated ability and passion in these fields are mostly not completing their PhDs, that should tell you how much is required to excel within academia.

Have You Done the Research on What Percentage of PhD Grads Get Tenure-Track Positions?

Let’s assume you beat the odds and complete your Ph.D. The academic job market is notoriously competitive. Only a small percentage of PhD graduates secure tenure-track positions, and many spend years in temporary or adjunct roles. In the year I first went on the job market, I remember a job at Ohio State (a decidedly third-tier university) in my field received over 700 applicants. It has only gotten harder since. Investigate these statistics for your specific field to set realistic expectations about job prospects and the challenges you might face.

Have You Thought About the Life You’d Live Pursuing Academia?

Life as an academic can be vastly different from other careers. It often involves relocating to where the jobs are, which might mean moving across the country or even abroad. Financially, it might not be as rewarding as other professions requiring similar levels of education. My first job was at Harvard, and I made about $90,000 per year and had great benefits. But many of my classmates from Yale were adjuncts or tenure-track professors at smaller schools, and they typically earned less than $35,000, had onerous teaching loads, bad benefits, and struggled to complete the kind of research and writing that would enable them to climb the ladder. They simply didn’t have the time.

Most people who pursue PhDs envision themselves one day living in Ann Arbor, Berkely, or Durham, with comfortable -though perhaps not lucrative- jobs that are fulfilling and provide them the time and space to think, research, and write. In fact, you’re far more likely to have to take a first job at Southwest Bumblefuck Tech and Trade School in a rural Louisiana bayou town teaching four sections of 75 students each term and making $37,000 per year. Consider whether this lifestyle—the potential instability, relocation, and financial sacrifices—aligns with your personal goals and family plans.

Do You Have a Clear Sense of the Questions You Aspire to Answer?

A strong academic career is often driven by a clear research agenda. What are the big questions in your field that excite you? Are these questions viable for research and discussion over many years? Your ability to define and pursue these questions can significantly impact your success and satisfaction in academia. Saying “I want to study history,” for instance, is barely more useful than saying, “I want to acquire knowledge and information.” It’s helpful if you can articulate what you expect the title of your dissertation to be, not because that is what you’ll certainly write about (insider tip: nobody ends of writing about the thing they expected to when they arrived!) but because if you don’t have a really granular sense of what you aspire to pursue, you may not be ready to do so.

Have You Done Anything That Approximates the Kind of Research and Writing You’ll Be Asked to Do in Graduate School?

If you haven’t experienced the rigor of academic research and writing, try to gain exposure before committing to a PhD program. This could involve assisting in research projects, writing papers, or engaging in scholarly discussions. If you’re STEM, lab experience really is necessary, if notyou’re your application, then to ensure that you know what you’re getting into. Such experiences can provide a taste of what your future academic work might entail and help you gauge your readiness and enthusiasm for it.

Are You Familiar with the Field and the Big Ideas, Controversies, and Schools of Thought Within It? Do You Have a Sense of Where You Would Position Yourself?

Understanding the landscape of your field is crucial. This includes familiarizing yourself with ongoing debates, key figures, and dominant theories. Where do your interests align within these discussions? Having a well-defined stance can help in carving out your niche in a crowded academic environment.

Do You Have the Grades, Test Scores, Letters of Recommendation, and Background to Earn Admission into a TOP Program?

Admission into top-tier PhD programs is highly competitive. These programs often provide better resources, funding, and job placement outcomes. Assess whether your academic record and references are strong enough to make you a viable candidate for these programs.

If Not… Are You Willing to Foot the Financial Cost and Face the Steep Uphill Climb of a PhD at a Second-Tier (or Worse) University?

Consider the implications of attending a lower-tier program. When I was applying to PhD programs, my advisor gave me some great advice: you should consider admission without full funding a rejection. As such, if a school didn’t fully fund my doctoral studies, I wouldn’t even consider them. Most top schools fully fund all PhDs as a matter of course, but lower-tier schools offer fewer resources and lower job placement rates, which can affect your career trajectory. Are you prepared for the additional challenges and potential financial burdens this might entail?

What’s Your Fallback Plan? Yes, Plan for Success… But Don’t Burn the Ship!

It’s wise to have a plan B. The academic path can be unpredictable, and it’s prudent to consider alternative career paths should your initial plans not pan out. What skills can you develop during your PhD that are transferable to other careers? How will you adapt if the academic market does not favor you?

Bluntly, the path forward for a STEM Ph.D. is much rosier than a humanities or social sciences PhD. If you have a doctorate in Cell Biology, for example, there are hundreds of private companies that would hire you at a good salary. A History or Literature PhD, by contrast, doesn’t do much for you in the non-academic job market.

Conclusion

I don’t want this post to feel too negative, but the truth is that when former students come to me asking about pursuing a PhD, my first task is to try to convince them not to. If they hold their ground and answer my questions, then I am more likely to believe they have the onions for the slog. Deciding to pursue an academic career is a significant commitment and should not be taken lightly. By honestly answering these questions, you can better prepare yourself for the realities of the academic world and make a more informed decision. If you succeed, an academic career can be genuinely wonderful, and I still feel a genuine sense of affection for the students I taught and I still miss the beats of an academic year. Just begin the process disabused of the notion that it’ll be a fun idyllic life, prepare yourself for the high chance of failure, and commit yourself to working your ass off.

Dos and Don’ts of Graduate School Applications

Colorful cartoon of a hopeful graduate school applicant at a desk, surrounded by thought bubbles depicting their journey, meeting with professors, library research, future career aspirations, considerations of finances, and overall happiness — Embark on your graduate school journey with clarity and purpose. This vibrant cartoon captures the essential steps and considerations every prospective student should think about.

After nearly 20 years of helping people get into the graduate schools of their dreams, I have a clear sense of what works and doesn’t. Since most graduate programs open their admissions portals in the fall, if you’re reading this now (end of April), that means you’re likely at the very start of your journey to graduate school, so here are some tips.

For many people, graduate school is the final step before embarking on a lifelong career. As a result, choosing the correct graduate school should be something you take very seriously. Keep these dos and don’ts in mind as you begin your search to help you make the right choice:

DO start your search early. Finding the right graduate school takes time and consideration. You’ll want to know the program you’ll be pursuing, the curriculum track that interests you the most, and the type of options each school has available.

DON’T choose a school based on name or ranking alone. The further along you get in your career, the more you’ll realize that if you’re not getting the education and guidance you actually need for success in your career, the name won’t make a difference. And five years after you graduate, nobody will care where you went. They’ll only care what you know how to do.

DO visit the schools in which you’re interested. Walk the campus, talk to professors, talk to the career placement office, and talk to current graduate students. Often LinkedIn can be an excellent way to connect with current and former students to ask them a few questions. Find out the types of jobs students are taking after graduating, see how invested the professors seem in their students’ futures, and test the responsiveness of the career services office to see if they’ll be an asset or a hindrance.

DON’T limit your choices too much. It’s important to cast a wide net when applying to schools. Especially at the start of the process. In addition to the schools that seem like perfect fits, pick a safety school or two just in case, as well as one or two schools that may seem completely out of reach given your scores and accomplishments.

DO research your desired industry. Find out what factors they consider when they hire out of school. What makes someone a good candidate for employment? What do they value, and what do they scoff at? Figuring it out from the perspective of your ultimate career will help you home in on a school that is right for you.

DON’T blitz apply to every program out there. While this seems like it might be a good solution, not only is it financially irresponsible, it’s also likely to hurt your chances. Instead of having the time to focus on perfecting the application and personalizing the essays for 4-6 schools, you’ll be pressed for time and likely to submit sub-par applications across the board. Remember, your personal statement for each respective school will need a fair amount of customization, which entails research, outlining, writing, and revising, so don’t overburden yourself to the point that you cannot complete all your applications in a way that makes your candidacy shine.

While the rank and reputation of a graduate school seem like the only reason to choose it, experts in every field will tell you that you’ll experience more success in life and your career if you choose a program that actually fits your needs. Make the effort to do your research and you’ll be rewarded in the long term.

Mastering the Boss Conversation: Strategies for Discussing Your MBA Goals

An anxious professional in a business suit stands hesitantly outside a closed office door labeled 'Boss.' He clutches an 'MBA Application' folder under one arm and is about to knock on the door with his other hand. The modern, sleek office hallway around him emphasizes the serious corporate environment. His expression is a mix of determination and nervousness, capturing a pivotal moment in his career. — Talking to your boss about your aspirations can be a nervous affair!

At Gurufi, we help hundreds of applicants each year get into their dream schools. One problem we repeatedly encounter is applicants being worried what their bosses will think about them applying for an MBA. Indeed, the decision to apply for an MBA can trigger a swirl of emotions, especially when it comes to discussing your plans with your employer. You might be feeling an odd mix of excitement about the next steps in your career and apprehension about how your current boss will react, particularly if you’ve recently been promoted. Rest assured, this is a common dilemma faced by many MBA applicants, and there are tactful ways to approach the situation.

Firstly, it’s essential to remember that applying for an MBA is a significant professional development step, not a sign of ingratitude or disloyalty. As you talk to your boss, keep this frame in mind and use it to inform your tone and thoughts. Even if you have recently been promoted, your pursuit of an MBA demonstrates your ambition and drive to further contribute to your organization or industry in the future.

It’s also worth noting that your boss, like any other professional, likely understands the importance of continuous growth and learning. If they have been supportive and instrumental in your career development thus far, chances are, they will be supportive of your decision to pursue an MBA as well. Remember, a recommendation from your boss can significantly strengthen your application, so it’s worth having an open and honest conversation with them about your, especially if you intend to return to the company upon earning your MBA.

Before you talk to your boss, have a clear idea about why you want to pursue an MBA. Being able to explain your motivations will not only help convince your boss that this is the right step for you, but also shows that you’ve thought seriously about this decision. The reasons can vary widely, from wanting to deepen your business acumen to intending to switch industries or roles, but the crucial thing is that your motivations align with your overall career trajectory.

When discussing your decision, focus on the positive outcomes an MBA could bring to your current organization. For instance, emphasize how the skills and knowledge you gain could benefit your team or department. You could even propose a way to stay connected with your current organization while pursuing your MBA, if this is a possibility and something you’d be interested in.

Timing is also crucial in such conversations. Consider your boss’s schedule and choose a time when they aren’t rushed or stressed. It’s best to schedule a dedicated meeting for this discussion rather than bringing it up casually or in a meeting with a different focus.

As for the conversation itself, honesty is the best policy. Start by expressing your gratitude for the opportunities and support you’ve received so far, including the recent promotion. Explain that you’re discussing this with them because you value their opinion and would appreciate their support.

Then, outline your reasons for wanting to pursue an MBA, ensuring to tie them back to your professional growth and how this could potentially benefit the organization. It’s essential to convey that this decision is about your long-term career development and isn’t reflective of any dissatisfaction with your current role or company.

When it comes to requesting a letter of recommendation, be straightforward and respectful. Acknowledge that it’s a significant request and assure them that you understand if they need some time to think it over. If they agree, make it as easy as possible for them by providing a summary of key points that they might include in the letter.

But what if you aren’t intending to return to the company or are looking to transition into a new industry?

When preparing to discuss your departure for an MBA with your boss, approach the conversation with professionalism and transparency. Begin by scheduling a private meeting, ensuring an environment conducive to a respectful and focused discussion. Start by expressing gratitude for the opportunities and experiences gained at the company, acknowledging how they’ve contributed to your professional growth and decision to pursue further education.

Clearly communicate your intention to pursue an MBA to transition into a new industry or company. Be honest about your career aspirations, emphasizing that this decision aligns with your long-term professional goals. It’s important to be clear that your path forward involves moving on from the company, but do so respectfully, highlighting your positive experiences.

Offer to provide a smooth transition, including training a replacement or documenting your responsibilities. This demonstrates responsibility and respect for the company’s needs. Be prepared to discuss the timing of your departure, aiming for a mutually agreeable timeline.

Finally, maintain a tone of gratitude and professionalism throughout the conversation. Your goal is to leave on good terms, preserving professional relationships and networks for the future

Remember, while you might feel nervous about this conversation, it’s a normal part of the MBA application process. Most bosses will respond positively to your ambition and drive, and will want to support you in your next career step. Even if they express concerns or disappointment about your potential departure, maintaining open and respectful communication can help ease the transition for both parties.

It’s normal to feel apprehensive about discussing your MBA plans with your boss, especially if you’ve recently received a promotion. However, by approaching the conversation with honesty, tact, and a clear vision of your future career goals, you can not only gain their understanding but potentially their support and a powerful letter of recommendation as well.

For more help with your personal statement, check us out at Gurufi.com. Our personal statement editors and consultants have decades of experience helping clients get into top MBA programs. Our specialty is helping you craft compelling personal statements that move the needle in your admissions process! For questions, shoot us an email at service@gurufi.com. Check us out on Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn.